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-<center><font color="#1F409F" size=+2 class="tytul">NetMonitor in Nokia phones (2/7)</font>\r
-<font class="drukuj">\r
-<p><a href="faq_net0.htm">[Part 1]</a><b>[Part 2]</b><a href="faq_net2.htm">[Part 3]</a><a href="faq_net3.htm">[Part 4]</a><a href="faq_net4.htm">[Part 5]</a><a href="faq_net5.htm">[Part 6]</a><a href="faq_net6.htm">[Part 7]</a>\r
-</font>\r
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-<hr noshade width="60%" style="color: #004080" align=center>\r
-<a NAME="Top"></a>\r
-\r
-<font class="drukuj">\r
-<ol>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net0.htm#1"><b>What is it ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net0.htm#2"><b>Do I need it ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net0.htm#3"><b>Does my phone use more power with NetMonitor enabled ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net0.htm#4"><b>How to activate it ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net0.htm#5"><b>Which NetMonitor version can be activated in my phone ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net0.htm#6"><b>Does NetMonitor activation void warranty ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net0.htm#7"><b>NetMonitor menu in my phone has different number than 10. Is it normal ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net0.htm#8"><b>NetMonitor menu in my phone has 11 number, hovewer previous position has 9 number. Is it normal ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net0.htm#9"><b>How to use it ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net0.htm#10"><b>Can I damage my phone ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="#11"><b>Glossary</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net2.htm#12"><b>Description of the individual tests</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#13"><b>You can also use a program...</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#14"><b>Can I use NetMonitor without SIM card inserted, without PIN number entered or when SIM card is not active ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#15"><b>How can I disable NetMonitor ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#16"><b>Do I need to disable NetMonitor before sending my phone to the service ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#17"><b>Is it possible to re-activate NetMonitor after disabling it ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#18"><b>Is NetMonitor available in analog Nokia phones ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#19"><b>Does NetMonitor allow to use phone like broadcast station ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#20"><b>I don't have all described tests in my phone. Why ? Can I increase their number ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#21"><b>Does NetMonitor allow to identify place, where is my interlocutor ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#22"><b>Does NetMonitor allow to identify place, where am I ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#23"><b>What are NetMonitor codes ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#24"><b>Is it the truth, that in phones with additional hardware changing frequency band NetMonitor doesn't work correct ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#25"><b>Where can I find description of FBUS/MBUS protocol and commands connected with NetMonitor ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#26"><b>I have non existing networks on the list of forbidden networks...</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#27"><b>How to check frequency band (900 or 1800 Mhz), where phone work in this moment ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#28"><b>Can I use DLR-2/DLR-3 cables for activating netmonitor ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#29"><b>Can I activate netmonitor using Init File Editor (Nokia 9110) ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#30"><b>Can I force phone to use one frequency band (900 or 1800 Mhz) only ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#31"><b>How to change settings in tests ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#32"><b>My phone has very short snandby time - it is possible to see the reason of it ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#33"><b>Is netmonitor available in English version only ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#Literatura"><b>Information sources</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#35"><b>Additional information</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#36"><b>Does using/activating netmonitor cost anything ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#37"><b>Does using netmonitor is legall ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#38"><b>Which entries on SIM card are used in netmonitor tests ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#39"><b>Can I activate netmonitor in 3310 using soft working with 3210 ?</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#40"><b>After activating netmonitor/BTS TEST my phone can't find network...</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#41"><b>Netmonitor shows different battery capacity than info on it...</b></a></li>\r
-<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#42"><b>NetMonitor in Nokia 6310, 8310,...</b></a></li>\r
-</ol>\r
-<hr size="2" noshade width="60%" align="center" style="color: #004080">\r
-</font>\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="11"></a><font color="#1F409F" size="+2" class="dzial">11. Glossary</font><br>\r
-<hr align="LEFT" size="3" width="300" color="#60c0a0" noshade>\r
-\r
-<p>Here you can find explanation to some terms, which can be found in this FAQ:\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="ACCH"></a><b>ACCH</b> (<b>A</b>nalog <b>C</b>ontrol <b>Ch</b>annel)\r
-<font size=-2>(TDMA 800/TDMA 1900)</font>\r
-\r
-<p><A name="AMPS"></a><b>AMPS</b> (<b>A</b>dvanced <b>M</b>obile <b>P</b>hone <b>S</b>ervice)\r
-<br>Analogue cellular system working in 800 Mhz used, for example, in North America.\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="ASIC"></a><b>ASIC</b> (<b>A</b>pplication <b>S</b>pecific <b>I</b>ntegrated <b>C</b>ircuit)\r
-<br>Electronic chips designed for some concrete purposes \r
- (for example, in phone it controlls communication between <a href="#MCU">MCU</a> and <a href="#DSP">DSP</a>)\r
-They're designed and produced by the companies which use them.\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="AVCH"></a><b>AVCH</b> (<b>A</b>nalog <b>V</b>oice <b>Ch</b>annel)\r
-<font size=-2>(TDMA 800/TDMA 1900)</font>\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="BCC"></a><b>BCC</b> (<b>B</b>ase-station <b>C</b>olor <b>C</b>ode)\r
-<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>\r
-<br>3-bit number (from 0-7 range) used to distinguish neighbor cells of the same operator,\r
-transmitting using <a href="faq_net2.htm#BCCH">BCCH</a> in the same\r
-<a href="#FDMA">FDMA</a> channel. Such distinguish is not needed when the cells belong to different operators\r
-(they use different channels and their <a href="faq_net2.htm#BCCH">BCCH</a> are in different FDMA channels).\r
-It is given in <a href="#BSIC">BSIC</a> of each <a href="#BTS">BTS</a> (you can check it for example in\r
-<b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu2">test 2</a></b>). \r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="BSC"></a><b>BSC</b> (<b>B</b>ase <b>S</b>tation <b>C</b>ontroller)\r
-<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>\r
-<br>It controls and supervises one or more <a href="#BTS">BTSes</a>.\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="BSIC"></a><b>BSIC</b> (<b>B</b>ase <b>S</b>tation <b>I</b>dentity <b>C</b>ode\r
-or <b>B</b>ase transceiver <b>S</b>tation <b>I</b>dentity <b>C</b>ode)\r
-<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>\r
-<br>Unique ID number of each <a href="#BTS">BTS</a>. If we code this value binary, first three digits (in decimal format)\r
-are <a href="#BCC">BCC</a> and next three are <a href="#NCC">NCC</a>. These values range from 0 - 63.\r
-<b>BSIC</b> values can be found among others in <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu2">test 2</a></b>.\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="BTS"></a><b>BTS</b> (<b>B</b>ase <b>T</b>ransceiver <b>S</b>tation)\r
-<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>\r
-<br>This device allows communication between phones and cellular network\r
-(many parameters, like current communication channel, distance to <b>BTS</b> and signal quality can be found, for example,\r
-in <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu1">test 1</a></b>).\r
-\r
-<p>And here are another classes with maximum power of <b>BTS</b>:\r
-\r
-<p>\r
-<table cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 border=1>\r
-<tr><td><center><b>GSM 900</b></center></td><td><b>GSM 1800</b></td></tr>\r
-<tr>\r
-<td>\r
-<center>320 W (55 dBm)<br>\r
-160 W (52 dBm)<br>\r
-80 W (49 dBm)<br>\r
-40 W (46 dBm)</center>\r
-</td><td>\r
-<center>-<br>\r
--<br>\r
--<br>\r
--</center>\r
-</td></tr>\r
-<tr><td colspan=2>\r
-<center>20 W (43 dBm)<br>\r
-10 W (40 dBm)<br>\r
-5 W (37 dBm)<br>\r
-2,5 W (34 dBm)</center>\r
-</td></tr>\r
-</table>\r
-\r
-<p>In Polish version of this FAQ I give many links to WWW pages with <b>BTS</b> lists, their descriptions, pictures (in Poland).\r
-\r
-<p>From English pages I recommend <a href="http://www.geckobeach.com/cellular/cellpixs/cellid.htm">www.geckobeach.com/cellular/cellpixs/cellid.htm</a>\r
-site - it's about networks and <b>BTSes</b> in North America.\r
-\r
-<p>Another links connected with it:\r
-\r
-<p><ul>\r
-<li><a href=http://go.to/nokia.info>http://go.to/nokia.info</a> - photos of <b>BTSes</b></li>\r
-<li><a href=http://www.club.cz/nokia.monitor/>www.club.cz/nokia.monitor/</a>\r
-- <b>BTSes</b> bases for Czech networks</li>\r
-</ul>\r
-\r
-\r
-<p><p><a NAME="C1"></a><b>C1</b> (path loss-criterium)\r
-<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>\r
-<br>This is a parameter (ranging from -99 to 99 dBm) calculated by the phone to decide which cells to use\r
-(it uses the cell only if its <b>C1</b> is positive). This value is based on: \r
-\r
-<p>\r
-<ul>\r
-<li><a NAME="RX"></a><b>RX</b>\r
-<br>Strength of signal received in <a href="faq_net2.htm#BCCH">BCCH</a> channel. If it is equal or less than\r
-<a href="#RxLevAm">RxLevAm</a>, the phone searches for next\r
-<a href="faq_net2.htm#BCCH">BCCH</a> channel. It is shown in\r
-<b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu1">test 1</a></b> (for current channel)\r
-and also in <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu3">test 3</a></b>, <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu4">test 4</a></b>\r
-and <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu5">test 5</a></b>\r
-(for neighbor channels). The amount of measurements of the quality of transmission with <a href="#BCCH">BCCH</a> channels\r
-in neighbor cells is given in <b><a href="faq_net5.htm#Menu62">test 62</a></b></li>\r
-\r
-<li><a NAME="RxLevAm"></a><b>RxLevAm</b> (<b>Rx</b> <b>Lev</b>el <b>A</b>ccess <b>m</b>inimum)\r
-<br>Min. level of the received signal (usually from -100 dBm to -110 dBm) needed by the phone to use particular cell.</li>\r
-\r
-<li><a NAME="MSTxPwr"></a><b>MSTxPwr</b>\r
-<br>Max power, which can be transmitted by phone to get access to\r
-<a href="faq_net2.htm#RACH">RACH</a> channel (i.e. max power allowed by current cell).\r
-Actually, it is lower in towns (where cells are small) and higher outside them.\r
-</li>\r
-\r
-<li><a NAME="MSMaxTxPwr"></a><b>MSMaxTxPwr</b>\r
-<br>Max permissible transmission power of the phone (its classes are described in\r
-<a href="faq_net2.htm#TX">TX description</a>).</li></ul>\r
-\r
-<p>It is calculated using following formula:\r
-<nobr>C1 = (<a href="#RX">RX</a> - <a href="#RxLevAm">RxLevAm</a> - MAX ( ( <a href="#MSTxPwr">MSTxPwr</a>\r
-- <a href="#MSMaxTxPwr">MSMaxTxPwr</a> ), 0) ) </nobr>, where MAX(x,y) is obviously a mathematical\r
-function giving the bigger one of the discussed numbers.\r
-The phone shows <b>C1</b> value in <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu1">test 1</a></b> (for current channel) and in\r
-<b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu3">test 3</a></b>, <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu4">test 4</a></b>\r
-and <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu5">test 5</a></b>\r
-(for neighbor channels).\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="C2"></a><b>C2</b> (cell-reselection criterion)\r
-<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>\r
-<br>This parameter (-99 to 99 dBm) is calculated with following formula:\r
-<nobr>C2 = C1 + <a href="#CellReselect">Cell reselect\r
-offset</a> - <a href="#TemporaryOffset">Temporary offset</a>\r
-* H (<a href="#PenaltyTime">Penalty time</a> - T)</nobr>.\r
-If this value for some other cell (<b>C2</b> for\r
-neighbor channels can be found in <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu3">test 3</a></b>,\r
-<b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu4">test 4</a></b> and\r
-<b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu5">test 5</a></b>) is higher than this value for current cell\r
-(shown in <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu1">test 1</a></b> and <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu3">test 3</a></b>)\r
-for a period of time longer than 5 seconds, the phone switches cells. There are two exceptions to the rule: \r
-\r
-<p>\r
-<ul>\r
-<li>if the new cell is located on different \91Location Area (this parameter for current cell can be checked in\r
-<b><a href="faq_net3.htm#Menu11">test 11</a></b>), <b>C2</b> for this cell must be (during more than 5 seconds)\r
-higher than <b>C2</b>+CELL_RESELECT_HYSTERESIS for old cell (where CELL_RESELECT_HYSTERESIS is a\r
-special parameter sent in <a href="faq_net2.htm#BCCH">BCCH</a> channel).</li>\r
-\r
-<li>if the phone switched cells during last 15 seconds, <b>C2</b> for a new cell must be higher at least 5 dBm from\r
-<b>C2</b> value of the old cell.\r
-</li>\r
-</ul>\r
-\r
-<p>H(x) function for currently not used cells is 0 (if x<0) or 1 (if x>=0). For current cell H(x) is always equal 0.\r
-<br>By a skillful manipulation of this parameter (through CELL_RESELECT_HYSTERESIS), operators can direct\r
-connections to specific cells (thus lightening load of the network).\r
-\r
-<p><a name="CDMA"></a><b>CDMA</b> (<b>C</b>ode <b>D</b>ivision <b>M</b>ultiple <b>A</b>ccess; also known as IS-95)\r
-<br>One of the newer digital technologies in 800 or 1900 Mhz. Used in North America, Australia and some southeastern Asian countries\r
-(e.g. Hong Kong and South Korea). It doesn't divide the radio frequency\r
-spectrum into separate user channels by frequency slices or time slots, but\r
-separates users by assigning them digital codes within the same broad spectrum.\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="DCCH"></a><b>DCCH</b> (<b>D</b>igital <b>C</b>ontrol <b>Ch</b>annel)\r
-<font size=-2>(TDMA 800/TDMA 1900)</font>\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="DCS"></a><b>DCS</b> (<b>D</b>igital <b>C</b>ellular <b>S</b>ystem)\r
-<br>Cellular communication system working in 1800 MHz frequency band\r
-(currently more often called GSM 1800)
\96 a changed version of <a href="#GSM">GSM</a> (900 MHz) system.
\r-Its new features allowed to increase network capacity (that\92s why this system is used in urban areas with huge number\r
-of subscribers) at the cost of thick net of the base stations (<a href="#BTS">BTSes</a>)\r
-and to provide roaming within one country. GSM 1800 has different channel numbers\r
-(see <b><a href="faq_net3.htm#Menu17">test 17</a></b>), different phone\r
-(see <a href="faq_net2.htm#RX">RX description</a>) and <a href="#BTS">BTSes</a>\r
-transmission power and also different max speed of the user, at which he can use his phone\r
-(250 km/h in GSM and 130 km/h in DCS).\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="DSP"></a><b>DSP</b> (<b>D</b>igital <b>S</b>ignal <b>P</b>rocessor)\r
-<br>Signal processor (digital signals processing chip - controls radio interface and speech coding/decoding).\r
-Its version can be checked in <b><a href="faq_net5.htm#Menu88">test 88</a></b>.\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="DTCH"></a><b>DTCH</b> (<b>D</b>igital <b>T</b>raffic <b>Ch</b>annel)\r
-<font size=-2>(TDMA 800/TDMA 1900)</font>\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="DTX"></a><b>DTX</b> (<b>D</b>iscontinous <b>T</b>ransmission E<b>x</b>change)\r
-<br>Some phones and networks "care" ;-) about battery life using so called discontinuous transmission (DTX),\r
-which turns off phone\92s transmitter when we don\92t talk (but \96 for example - listen to the calling party).\r
-During that period the phone generates a so called comfortable :-) noise, because if our interlocutor heard the silence,\r
-he could think that the connection was broken.\r
-\r
-<p><font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>:\r
-<br><b>DTX</b> must be supported by the phone (Nokia does - see\r
-<b><a href="faq_net5.htm#Menu78">test 78</a></b>) and <a href="#BTS">BTS</a> - you can check and\r
-(sometimes) change this in <b><a href="faq_net3.htm#Menu12">test 12</a></b> and\r
-<b><a href="faq_net3.htm#Menu13">test 13</a></b>.\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="FDMA"></a><b>FDMA</b> (<b>F</b>requency <b>D</b>ivision <b>M</b>ultiple <b>A</b>ccess)\r
-<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>\r
-<br>This name means multiaccess on frequency field: transmission proceeds on different frequencies at the same time\r
-(this is a "full duplex" connection): there is a
\93down-link
\94 from <a href="#BTS">BTS</a> to the phone and
\r-
\93up-link
\94 - from the phone to <a href="#BTS">BTS</a> (this is called "up" and "down" because <a href="#BTS">BTS</a>
\r-antennas are usually higher than phone ones, so the signal from <a href="#BTS">BTS</a> to the phone\r
-really must go down (and vice versa)). \r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="Hopping"></a><b>Frequency hopping</b> (channel hopping)\r
-<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>\r
-<br>During connection your phone can continuously change used frequency (used channel) in communication with cell.\r
-It's used, when some channel is still troubled - without <b>channel hopping</b>\r
-communication with phone could not be possible, with it it's - only this\r
-part of transmition, which is made on this frequency, is lost (so, if gives less number of\r
-signal loss, but doesn't change sound quality - methods of coding it are always\r
-the same). You can check (during a call) if your phone uses this function in\r
-<b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu1">test 1</a></b>. <b><a href="faq_net3.htm#Menu12">test 12</a></b> informs\r
-if it is allowed by the cell (these values are updated only during a call). <b>Channel hopping</b> requires\r
-Hopping Sequence Number (frenquencies are changed according to known for phone and network sequence)\r
-- see <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu2">test 2</a></b>.\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="GSM"></a><b>GSM</b> (<b>G</b>lobal <b>S</b>ystem for <b>M</b>obile Communication)\r
-<br>Cellular telecommunication system working at 900 MHz. It also has a 1800 MHz (<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>) and\r
-1900 MHz (PCS) version.\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="HLR"></a><b>HLR</b> (<b>H</b>ome <b>L</b>ocation <b>R</b>egister)\r
-<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>\r
-<br>Network register containing information about subscribers (i.e. about their subscribed services,\r
-tariff, last network they were logged in, etc.).\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="IMEI"></a><b>IMEI</b> (<b>I</b>nternational <b>M</b>obile <b>E</b>quipment <b>I</b>dentification code)\r
-<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>\r
-<br>Unique 15-digit identification number of every <a href="#GSM">GSM</a> phone on the world. It can be checked using <b>*#06#</b> code\r
-(all phones) or in service menu (Nokia), which can be activated by typing a code <b>*#WAR0ANTY#</b> or\r
-<b>*#WARRANTY#</b> (Nokia 6130). In Nokia 3110 after entering service menu (<b>*#WAR0ANTY#</b>)\r
-you have to additionally enter a code <b>9268</b>. <b>IMEI</b> contains information about the manufacturer,\r
-place of production and serial number (check <a href="http://www.tele-servizi.com/janus/texts/imei.txt">www.tele-servizi.com/janus/texts/imei.txt</a>\r
-for such list for Motorola phones,\r
-<a href=../firmware/firmware.htm>here</a> is my list for Nokia phones).\r
-Operators can restrict network access for particular phones \96 for example the stolen ones\r
-(identified using <b>IMEI</b> number). Different operators can exchange such lists too.\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="IMSI"></a><b>IMSI</b> (<b>I</b>nternational <b>M</b>obile <b>S</b>ubscriber <b>I</b>dentify)\r
-<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>\r
-<br>Unique (max 15-digit) number given to the phone:\r
-\r
-<p>\r
-<ul>\r
-<li>first three digits are <a href="faq_net2.htm#MCC">MCC</a></li>\r
-<li>next three digits are <a href="faq_net2.htm#MNC">MNC</a></li>\r
-<li>the rest is a unique number</li>\r
-</ul>\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="IMSIattach"></a><b>IMSI attach</b>\r
-<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>\r
-<br>It is a procedure executed after each power on. The phone informs network that it is active (and is ready for communication\r
-- receiving waiting SMS, etc.) and then it receives the <a href="#IMSI">IMSI</a> number.\r
-The counter connected with <b>IMSI attach</b> is located in <b><a href="faq_net5.htm#Menu64">test 64</a></b>,\r
-<b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu7">test 7</a></b> informs whether this is allowed by the current cell.\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="IMSIdetach"></a><b>IMSI detach</b>\r
-<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>\r
-<br>The phone informs network that it is going to switch off and the communication won\92t be possible\r
-(its <a href="#IMSI">IMSI</a> expires). The counter connected with <b>IMSI detach</b> is located in\r
-<b><a href="faq_net5.htm#Menu64">test 64</a></b>. <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu7">test 7</a></b>\r
-informs whether this is allowed by the current cell.\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="LocationUpdate"></a><b>Location Update</b>\r
-<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>\r
-<br>Every <a href="#GSM">GSM</a> phone periodically informs network about its current location.\r
-This function is called <b>Location Update</b>. It is executed after changing <b>Location Area</b> (phone makes\r
-it "intelligent" - when it's moved out of network coverage and the logs again to the network, makes <b>Location Update</b>\r
-only when current <a href="faq_net1.htm#BTS">BTS</a> has different LAC than previous one \96 before losing the signal) or\r
-<a href="#PLMN">PLMN</a> (after leaving the range of one network and trying to log in to another).\r
-Then information about <b>Location Update</b> is transferred to a new <a href="#MSC">MSC</a>/<a href="#VLR">VLR</a>,\r
-which in turn passes this information to <a href="#HLR">HLR</a>. When the phone works in new\r
-<a href="#MSC">MSC</a>/<a href="#VLR">VLR</a>, <a href="#HLR">HLR</a> doesn\92t identify the user by\r
-the number received from old <a href="#MSC">MSC</a>/<a href="#VLR">VLR</a> anymore. <b>Location Update</b>\r
-has a couple of varieties: <a href="#PLU">PLU</a>, <a href="#IMSIattach">IMSI attach</a> and <a href="#IMSIdetach">IMSI detach</a>\r
-(they're distinquished in <b><a href="faq_net5.htm#Menu64">test 64</a></b>). Current Location Area code can be checked in\r
-<b><a href="faq_net3.htm#Menu11">test 11</a></b>.\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="MCU"></a><b>MCU</b> (<b>M</b>aster <b>C</b>ontrol <b>U</b>nit processor)\r
-<br>Main processor in phone.\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="MSC"></a><b>MSC</b> (<b>M</b>obile <b>S</b>witching <b>C</b>enter)\r
-<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>\r
-<br>Part of the system responsible for communication between subscribers and other users (also from other networks).\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="NCC"></a><b>NCC</b> (<b>N</b>ational <b>C</b>olor <b>C</b>ode or <b>N</b>etwork <b>C</b>olor <b>C</b>ode)\r
-<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>\r
-<br>3-bit number (from 0-7 range) used to differentiate cells of the operators from different countries\r
-(for example near the border, where the phone is in range of several different networks) transmitting using\r
-<a href="faq_net2.htm#BCCH">BCCH</a> in the same <a href="#FDMA">FDMA</a> channel. This number is constant\r
-within <a href="#PLMN">PLMN</a>. It is given in <a href="#BSIC">BSIC</a> of every <a href="#BTS">BTS</a>\r
-(you can check it in <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu2">test 2</a></b>).\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="PLMN"></a><b>PLMN</b> (<b>P</b>ublic <b>L</b>and <b>M</b>obile <b>N</b>etwork)\r
-<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>\r
-<br>Area covered by one operator (one network). After changing this area, the phone executes\r
-<a href="#LocationUpdate">Location Update</a>.\r
-\r
-<p>\r
-<ul>\r
-<li>Coverage maps of different operators worldwide can be found at <a href="http://www.subcam.freeserve.co.uk/mark/orange/ora.html">www.subcam.freeserve.co.uk/mark/orange/ora.html</a>.</li>\r
-</ul>\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="PLU"></a><b>PLU </b>(<b>P</b>eriodic <b>L</b>ocation <b>U</b>pdate)\r
-<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>\r
-<br>The phone informs network, on which country area (in the range of which cells) it is located.\r
-This procedure is executed periodically (depending on the network, for example in polish\r
-<a href="http://www.eragsm.pl/">Era GSM</a> and\r
-<a href="http://www.plusgsm.pl/">Plus GSM</a> networks every 3rd hour, in\r
-<a href="http://www.idea.centertel.pl/">Idea</a> every 2th hour)\r
-- this can be checked in <b><a href="faq_net3.htm#Menu10">test 10</a></b>. This period is counted from the\r
-last \84contact\94 with network (the counter doesn\92t stop even if the phone loses network signal!) \96 from the last call, sending/receiving\r
-SMS, requesting some services (for example enabling call diverting), because the network is then informed about phone\92s\r
-location (but this is not registered in <b><a href="faq_net5.htm#Menu64">test 64</a></b>).\r
-The counter connected with <b>PLU</b> is in <b><a href="faq_net5.htm#Menu64">test 64</a></b>. \r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="TCH"></a><b>TCH</b> (<b>T</b>raffic <b>Ch</b>annels)\r
-<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>\r
-<br>Two way user data (computer data or digitized voice) channels. They can be divided to:\r
-\r
-<ul>\r
-<li>\r
-<a NAME="HR"></a><b>HR</b> (<b>H</b>alf <b>R</b>ate Traffic): max data transfer rate is 6.5 kbit/sec (introduced in\r
-GSM phase 2). <b>HR</b> channels offer worse sound quality but also longer phone standby time (even up to 30%),\r
-because the phone using <b>HR</b> uses less power. The main advantage of this kind of channels is that they\r
-enable the network to double its capacity (the number of subscribers able to make a call at the same time \96 see\r
-<a href="#TS">TS parameter</a> description for more details) or to double the max range of the\r
-<a href="#BTS">BTS</a>. Using these channels must be allowed and supported by the network (this can be\r
-checked in <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu7">test 7</a></b>) and the phone. Activation code is\r
-<b>*HRC0#</b>, deactivation code is <b>#HRC0#</b>. Unfortunately, not all Nokia phones accept these codes\r
-(the phone should reset itself after entering them) \96 in older models they're not supported, in never they're deactivated, when\r
-the phone is directed to countries with networks, which doesn't support it.\r
-Interesting fact is that in Nokia 6110 (firmware 5.24) you can decide whether the phone can use this channel or not by modifying\r
-following EEPROM memory cells values: \r
-\r
-<table BORDER CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0>\r
-<tr>\r
-<td ALIGN=CENTER><b>enabling</b></td>\r
-\r
-<td ALIGN=CENTER><b>disabling</b></td>\r
-</tr>\r
-\r
-<tr>\r
-<td ALIGN=CENTER>cell 0070 value for 78\r
-<br>cell 011F value for 84</td>\r
-\r
-<td ALIGN=CENTER>cell 0070 value for 70\r
-<br>cell 011F value for 7C</td>\r
-</tr>\r
-</table>\r
-</li>\r
-\r
-<li>\r
-<a NAME="FR"></a><b>FR</b> (<b>F</b>ull <b>R</b>ate Traffic):transmission at 13 kbit/sec, coding using\r
-LPC-RPE (<b>L</b>inear <b>P</b>rediction <b>C</b>oding with <b>R</b>egular <b>P</b>ulse <b>E</b>xcitation) algorithm</li>\r
-\r
-<li>\r
-<a NAME="EFR"></a><b>EFR</b> (<b>E</b>nhanced <b>F</b>ull <b>R</b>ate):\r
-13 kbit/sek, coding algorithm different than in <a href="#FR">FR</a> (ASELP (AlgebraicCode Excitation Linear Prediction)\r
-created by <a href="http://www.nokia.com">Nokia</a> and Sherbrooke University; recognized as an industrial standard for\r
-<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>). <b>EFR</b> provides better sound quality at the same data transmission rate (and up to 5%\r
-faster battery drain compared to <a href="#FR">FR</a>). This mode can be enabled using\r
-<b>*EFR0#</b> code (the phone then tries to use <b>TCH</b> channels in following order: <b>EFR</b>, <b>FR</b>,\r
-(<b>HR</b>)) and disabled with <b>#EFR0#</b> (order: <b>FR</b>, (<b>HR</b>)). These codes may be not recognized\r
-by some models (for example 6110 with some firmware versions) -\r
-if your phone accepts them, it should reset itself right after typing them\r
-(if this doesn\92t happen, you won\92t be able to enable/disable <b>EFR</b> using a keyboard code).\r
-This channel is not supported in all older models (for example, 2110).\r
-The type of channel used by your phone can be checked only during connection.\r
-</li>\r
-</ul>\r
-\r
-<p>When you network doesn't support one of these channel and phone recognizes its activation code, you may see\r
-"Not ready" message.\r
-\r
-<p>You can check this in <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu1">test 1</a></b>.\r
-The sequence of <b>TCH</b> channels can be freely set using some of the service programs\r
-(for example WinTesla \96 in Software/Product Profile menu) - it can be only possibility to enable <b>HR</b> channel in phone.\r
-\r
-<p><a name="TDMA"></a><b>TDMA</b> (<b>T</b>ime <b>D</b>ivision <b>M</b>ultiple <b>A</b>ccess)\r
-<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>\r
-<br>This means multiaccess in time: several phones can transmit signal (either digitized voice or computer data) in the\r
-same time on the same channel (its number can be checked in <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu1">test 1</a></b>) \96\r
-actually, this period of time is divided into very small parts (see <a href="#TS">TS description</a>),\r
-invisible for us, so we can assume it happens simultaneously).\r
-\r
-<p><a name="TMSI"></a><b>TMSI</b> (<b>T</b>emporary <b>M</b>obile <b>S</b>ubscriber <b>I</b>dentity):\r
-<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>\r
-<br>During signalization procedures encrypted on radio channel\r
-(for example, during location update) this number is assigned by\r
-<a href="#MSC">MSC</a> to phone. In the moment, when network wants to contact\r
-with concrete phone and transmission on radio channel is not encrypted, it's send\r
-instead of <a href="#IMSI">IMSI</a> and allows phone to indentify, that concrete\r
-call concern on it. It doesn't have global meaning\r
-and it's structure is definited by network administrator. Actual <b>TMSI</b>\r
-you can check in <a href="faq_net3.htm#Menu10">test 10</a>.\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="TS"></a><b>TS</b> (<b>T</b>ime <b>S</b>lot)\r
-<br>Each radio channel used in communication between phone and\r
-<a href="#BTS">BTS</a> is divided into 8 parts (called TS - time slots). If in all <a href="#BTS">BTSes</a>\r
-(available for your phone) all time slots are in use, you won't be able to make/receive a call and you'll get a 'Network busy'\r
-message (information about reason of connection failure is given among others in\r
-<b><a href="faq_net4.htm#Menu39">test 39</a></b>). Unfortunately, each type of connection has the same priority in\r
-networks not supporting GSM Phase 2+ (it isn't available in older GSM Phases) - so if you want to dial emergency number 112\r
-and the network is busy, no other call will be interrupted and you won't get connected. This problem can also be solved by\r
-adding more <a href="#BTS">BTSes</a> (for example in dual GSM 900/1800 MHz network) or by modifying\r
-current stations to allow the use of <a href="#HR">HR</a> channels (<a href="#FR">FR</a>\r
-and <a href="#EFR">EFR</a> transmission uses whole assigned time slot, while <a href="#HR">HR</a>\r
-(defined in GSM Phase 2) only half of it). Max data transmission speed using one <b>TS</b> is 9.6 kbit/sec (or 14.4 kbit/sec,\r
-but only in some additional conditions). There are new systems allowing higher transmission speeds\r
-(for example GPRS (<b>G</b>eneric <b>P</b>acket <b>R</b>adio <b>S</b>ervices) or HSCSD\r
-(<b>H</b>igh <b>S</b>peed <b>C</b>ircuit <b>S</b>witched <b>D</b>ata), but they achieve this using several time slots\r
-at the same time (which decreases network capacity). Actual used <b>TS</b> can be checked\r
-in <a href=faq_net2.htm#Menu1>test 1</a>, in phones with <b>HSCSD</b> (like Nokia 6210)\r
-use also <a href=faq_net3.htm#Menu8>test 8</a> for it...\r
-\r
-<p><a NAME="VLR"></a><b>VLR</b> (<b>V</b>isitor <b>L</b>ocation <b>R</b>egister)\r
-<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>\r
-<br>This register contains the same data as <a href="#HLR">HLR</a>, but for roaming guests\r
-(their data are taken from their home network <a href="#HLR">HLR</a>).\r
-\r
-<font class="drukuj">\r
-<p><a class="shref" href="#Top"><small><em>Back to the top</em></small></a><br>\r
-\r
-<center>\r
-<p><a href="faq_net0.htm">[Part 1]</a><b>[Part 2]</b><a href="faq_net2.htm">[Part 3]</a><a href="faq_net3.htm">[Part 4]</a><a href="faq_net4.htm">[Part 5]</a><a href="faq_net5.htm">[Part 6]</a><a href="faq_net6.htm">[Part 7]</a>\r
-</center>\r
-<hr size="2" noshade width="60%" align="center" style="color: #004080">\r
-</font>\r
-\r
-<br><p align="RIGHT"><font class='autor' size='1'><a class="autoremail" href="mailto:Marcin Wiacek<Marcin-Wiacek@topnet.pl>">Marcin Wiacek</a> (<a class="autoremail" href="http://marcin-wiacek.topnet.pl">WWW</a>)\r
-<br>Last modification: 10 March 2002</font>\r
-\r
-</body>\r
-</html>\r
+<html>
+<head>
+ <meta name="Author" content="Marcin Wiacek">
+ <meta name="Description" content="NOKIA NetMonitor description (English version)">
+ <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
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+ <title>NetMonitor in Nokia phones (2/7)</title>
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../styl.css" type="text/css">
+</head>
+<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#2B2B69" link="#525FF5" vlink="#525FF5" alink="#2FA030">
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+<p align="RIGHT"><a class="autoremail" href="../../index.htm">Main page</a></p>
+</font>
+<center><font color="#1F409F" size=+2 class="tytul">NetMonitor in Nokia phones (2/7)</font>
+<font class="drukuj">
+<p><a href="faq_net0.htm">[Part 1]</a><b>[Part 2]</b><a href="faq_net2.htm">[Part 3]</a><a href="faq_net3.htm">[Part 4]</a><a href="faq_net4.htm">[Part 5]</a><a href="faq_net5.htm">[Part 6]</a><a href="faq_net6.htm">[Part 7]</a>
+</font>
+</center>
+
+<hr noshade width="60%" style="color: #004080" align=center>
+<a NAME="Top"></a>
+
+<font class="drukuj">
+<ol>
+<li><a href="faq_net0.htm#1"><b>What is it ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net0.htm#2"><b>Do I need it ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net0.htm#3"><b>Does my phone use more power with NetMonitor enabled ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net0.htm#4"><b>How to activate it ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net0.htm#5"><b>Which NetMonitor version can be activated in my phone ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net0.htm#6"><b>Does NetMonitor activation void warranty ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net0.htm#7"><b>NetMonitor menu in my phone has different number than 10. Is it normal ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net0.htm#8"><b>NetMonitor menu in my phone has 11 number, hovewer previous position has 9 number. Is it normal ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net0.htm#9"><b>How to use it ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net0.htm#10"><b>Can I damage my phone ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="#11"><b>Glossary</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net2.htm#12"><b>Description of the individual tests</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#13"><b>You can also use a program...</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#14"><b>Can I use NetMonitor without SIM card inserted, without PIN number entered or when SIM card is not active ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#15"><b>How can I disable NetMonitor ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#16"><b>Do I need to disable NetMonitor before sending my phone to the service ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#17"><b>Is it possible to re-activate NetMonitor after disabling it ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#18"><b>Is NetMonitor available in analog Nokia phones ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#19"><b>Does NetMonitor allow to use phone like broadcast station ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#20"><b>I don't have all described tests in my phone. Why ? Can I increase their number ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#21"><b>Does NetMonitor allow to identify place, where is my interlocutor ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#22"><b>Does NetMonitor allow to identify place, where am I ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#23"><b>What are NetMonitor codes ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#24"><b>Is it the truth, that in phones with additional hardware changing frequency band NetMonitor doesn't work correct ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#25"><b>Where can I find description of FBUS/MBUS protocol and commands connected with NetMonitor ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#26"><b>I have non existing networks on the list of forbidden networks...</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#27"><b>How to check frequency band (900 or 1800 Mhz), where phone work in this moment ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#28"><b>Can I use DLR-2/DLR-3 cables for activating netmonitor ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#29"><b>Can I activate netmonitor using Init File Editor (Nokia 9110) ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#30"><b>Can I force phone to use one frequency band (900 or 1800 Mhz) only ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#31"><b>How to change settings in tests ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#32"><b>My phone has very short snandby time - it is possible to see the reason of it ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#33"><b>Is netmonitor available in English version only ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#Literatura"><b>Information sources</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#35"><b>Additional information</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#36"><b>Does using/activating netmonitor cost anything ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#37"><b>Does using netmonitor is legall ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#38"><b>Which entries on SIM card are used in netmonitor tests ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#39"><b>Can I activate netmonitor in 3310 using soft working with 3210 ?</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#40"><b>After activating netmonitor/BTS TEST my phone can't find network...</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#41"><b>Netmonitor shows different battery capacity than info on it...</b></a></li>
+<li><a href="faq_net6.htm#42"><b>NetMonitor in Nokia 6310, 8310,...</b></a></li>
+</ol>
+<hr size="2" noshade width="60%" align="center" style="color: #004080">
+</font>
+
+<p><a NAME="11"></a><font color="#1F409F" size="+2" class="dzial">11. Glossary</font><br>
+<hr align="LEFT" size="3" width="300" color="#60c0a0" noshade>
+
+<p>Here you can find explanation to some terms, which can be found in this FAQ:
+
+<p><a NAME="ACCH"></a><b>ACCH</b> (<b>A</b>nalog <b>C</b>ontrol <b>Ch</b>annel)
+<font size=-2>(TDMA 800/TDMA 1900)</font>
+
+<p><A name="AMPS"></a><b>AMPS</b> (<b>A</b>dvanced <b>M</b>obile <b>P</b>hone <b>S</b>ervice)
+<br>Analogue cellular system working in 800 Mhz used, for example, in North America.
+
+<p><a NAME="ASIC"></a><b>ASIC</b> (<b>A</b>pplication <b>S</b>pecific <b>I</b>ntegrated <b>C</b>ircuit)
+<br>Electronic chips designed for some concrete purposes
+ (for example, in phone it controlls communication between <a href="#MCU">MCU</a> and <a href="#DSP">DSP</a>)
+They're designed and produced by the companies which use them.
+
+<p><a NAME="AVCH"></a><b>AVCH</b> (<b>A</b>nalog <b>V</b>oice <b>Ch</b>annel)
+<font size=-2>(TDMA 800/TDMA 1900)</font>
+
+<p><a NAME="BCC"></a><b>BCC</b> (<b>B</b>ase-station <b>C</b>olor <b>C</b>ode)
+<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
+<br>3-bit number (from 0-7 range) used to distinguish neighbor cells of the same operator,
+transmitting using <a href="faq_net2.htm#BCCH">BCCH</a> in the same
+<a href="#FDMA">FDMA</a> channel. Such distinguish is not needed when the cells belong to different operators
+(they use different channels and their <a href="faq_net2.htm#BCCH">BCCH</a> are in different FDMA channels).
+It is given in <a href="#BSIC">BSIC</a> of each <a href="#BTS">BTS</a> (you can check it for example in
+<b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu2">test 2</a></b>).
+
+<p><a NAME="BSC"></a><b>BSC</b> (<b>B</b>ase <b>S</b>tation <b>C</b>ontroller)
+<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
+<br>It controls and supervises one or more <a href="#BTS">BTSes</a>.
+
+<p><a NAME="BSIC"></a><b>BSIC</b> (<b>B</b>ase <b>S</b>tation <b>I</b>dentity <b>C</b>ode
+or <b>B</b>ase transceiver <b>S</b>tation <b>I</b>dentity <b>C</b>ode)
+<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
+<br>Unique ID number of each <a href="#BTS">BTS</a>. If we code this value binary, first three digits (in decimal format)
+are <a href="#BCC">BCC</a> and next three are <a href="#NCC">NCC</a>. These values range from 0 - 63.
+<b>BSIC</b> values can be found among others in <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu2">test 2</a></b>.
+
+<p><a NAME="BTS"></a><b>BTS</b> (<b>B</b>ase <b>T</b>ransceiver <b>S</b>tation)
+<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
+<br>This device allows communication between phones and cellular network
+(many parameters, like current communication channel, distance to <b>BTS</b> and signal quality can be found, for example,
+in <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu1">test 1</a></b>).
+
+<p>And here are another classes with maximum power of <b>BTS</b>:
+
+<p>
+<table cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 border=1>
+<tr><td><center><b>GSM 900</b></center></td><td><b>GSM 1800</b></td></tr>
+<tr>
+<td>
+<center>320 W (55 dBm)<br>
+160 W (52 dBm)<br>
+80 W (49 dBm)<br>
+40 W (46 dBm)</center>
+</td><td>
+<center>-<br>
+-<br>
+-<br>
+-</center>
+</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan=2>
+<center>20 W (43 dBm)<br>
+10 W (40 dBm)<br>
+5 W (37 dBm)<br>
+2,5 W (34 dBm)</center>
+</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>In Polish version of this FAQ I give many links to WWW pages with <b>BTS</b> lists, their descriptions, pictures (in Poland).
+
+<p>From English pages I recommend <a href="http://www.geckobeach.com/cellular/cellpixs/cellid.htm">www.geckobeach.com/cellular/cellpixs/cellid.htm</a>
+site - it's about networks and <b>BTSes</b> in North America.
+
+<p>Another links connected with it:
+
+<p><ul>
+<li><a href=http://go.to/nokia.info>http://go.to/nokia.info</a> - photos of <b>BTSes</b></li>
+<li><a href=http://www.club.cz/nokia.monitor/>www.club.cz/nokia.monitor/</a>
+- <b>BTSes</b> bases for Czech networks</li>
+</ul>
+
+
+<p><p><a NAME="C1"></a><b>C1</b> (path loss-criterium)
+<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
+<br>This is a parameter (ranging from -99 to 99 dBm) calculated by the phone to decide which cells to use
+(it uses the cell only if its <b>C1</b> is positive). This value is based on:
+
+<p>
+<ul>
+<li><a NAME="RX"></a><b>RX</b>
+<br>Strength of signal received in <a href="faq_net2.htm#BCCH">BCCH</a> channel. If it is equal or less than
+<a href="#RxLevAm">RxLevAm</a>, the phone searches for next
+<a href="faq_net2.htm#BCCH">BCCH</a> channel. It is shown in
+<b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu1">test 1</a></b> (for current channel)
+and also in <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu3">test 3</a></b>, <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu4">test 4</a></b>
+and <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu5">test 5</a></b>
+(for neighbor channels). The amount of measurements of the quality of transmission with <a href="#BCCH">BCCH</a> channels
+in neighbor cells is given in <b><a href="faq_net5.htm#Menu62">test 62</a></b></li>
+
+<li><a NAME="RxLevAm"></a><b>RxLevAm</b> (<b>Rx</b> <b>Lev</b>el <b>A</b>ccess <b>m</b>inimum)
+<br>Min. level of the received signal (usually from -100 dBm to -110 dBm) needed by the phone to use particular cell.</li>
+
+<li><a NAME="MSTxPwr"></a><b>MSTxPwr</b>
+<br>Max power, which can be transmitted by phone to get access to
+<a href="faq_net2.htm#RACH">RACH</a> channel (i.e. max power allowed by current cell).
+Actually, it is lower in towns (where cells are small) and higher outside them.
+</li>
+
+<li><a NAME="MSMaxTxPwr"></a><b>MSMaxTxPwr</b>
+<br>Max permissible transmission power of the phone (its classes are described in
+<a href="faq_net2.htm#TX">TX description</a>).</li></ul>
+
+<p>It is calculated using following formula:
+<nobr>C1 = (<a href="#RX">RX</a> - <a href="#RxLevAm">RxLevAm</a> - MAX ( ( <a href="#MSTxPwr">MSTxPwr</a>
+- <a href="#MSMaxTxPwr">MSMaxTxPwr</a> ), 0) ) </nobr>, where MAX(x,y) is obviously a mathematical
+function giving the bigger one of the discussed numbers.
+The phone shows <b>C1</b> value in <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu1">test 1</a></b> (for current channel) and in
+<b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu3">test 3</a></b>, <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu4">test 4</a></b>
+and <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu5">test 5</a></b>
+(for neighbor channels).
+
+<p><a NAME="C2"></a><b>C2</b> (cell-reselection criterion)
+<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
+<br>This parameter (-99 to 99 dBm) is calculated with following formula:
+<nobr>C2 = C1 + <a href="#CellReselect">Cell reselect
+offset</a> - <a href="#TemporaryOffset">Temporary offset</a>
+* H (<a href="#PenaltyTime">Penalty time</a> - T)</nobr>.
+If this value for some other cell (<b>C2</b> for
+neighbor channels can be found in <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu3">test 3</a></b>,
+<b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu4">test 4</a></b> and
+<b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu5">test 5</a></b>) is higher than this value for current cell
+(shown in <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu1">test 1</a></b> and <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu3">test 3</a></b>)
+for a period of time longer than 5 seconds, the phone switches cells. There are two exceptions to the rule:
+
+<p>
+<ul>
+<li>if the new cell is located on different \91Location Area (this parameter for current cell can be checked in
+<b><a href="faq_net3.htm#Menu11">test 11</a></b>), <b>C2</b> for this cell must be (during more than 5 seconds)
+higher than <b>C2</b>+CELL_RESELECT_HYSTERESIS for old cell (where CELL_RESELECT_HYSTERESIS is a
+special parameter sent in <a href="faq_net2.htm#BCCH">BCCH</a> channel).</li>
+
+<li>if the phone switched cells during last 15 seconds, <b>C2</b> for a new cell must be higher at least 5 dBm from
+<b>C2</b> value of the old cell.
+</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>H(x) function for currently not used cells is 0 (if x<0) or 1 (if x>=0). For current cell H(x) is always equal 0.
+<br>By a skillful manipulation of this parameter (through CELL_RESELECT_HYSTERESIS), operators can direct
+connections to specific cells (thus lightening load of the network).
+
+<p><a name="CDMA"></a><b>CDMA</b> (<b>C</b>ode <b>D</b>ivision <b>M</b>ultiple <b>A</b>ccess; also known as IS-95)
+<br>One of the newer digital technologies in 800 or 1900 Mhz. Used in North America, Australia and some southeastern Asian countries
+(e.g. Hong Kong and South Korea). It doesn't divide the radio frequency
+spectrum into separate user channels by frequency slices or time slots, but
+separates users by assigning them digital codes within the same broad spectrum.
+
+<p><a NAME="DCCH"></a><b>DCCH</b> (<b>D</b>igital <b>C</b>ontrol <b>Ch</b>annel)
+<font size=-2>(TDMA 800/TDMA 1900)</font>
+
+<p><a NAME="DCS"></a><b>DCS</b> (<b>D</b>igital <b>C</b>ellular <b>S</b>ystem)
+<br>Cellular communication system working in 1800 MHz frequency band
+(currently more often called GSM 1800)
\96 a changed version of <a href="#GSM">GSM</a> (900 MHz) system.
+Its new features allowed to increase network capacity (that\92s why this system is used in urban areas with huge number
+of subscribers) at the cost of thick net of the base stations (<a href="#BTS">BTSes</a>)
+and to provide roaming within one country. GSM 1800 has different channel numbers
+(see <b><a href="faq_net3.htm#Menu17">test 17</a></b>), different phone
+(see <a href="faq_net2.htm#RX">RX description</a>) and <a href="#BTS">BTSes</a>
+transmission power and also different max speed of the user, at which he can use his phone
+(250 km/h in GSM and 130 km/h in DCS).
+
+<p><a NAME="DSP"></a><b>DSP</b> (<b>D</b>igital <b>S</b>ignal <b>P</b>rocessor)
+<br>Signal processor (digital signals processing chip - controls radio interface and speech coding/decoding).
+Its version can be checked in <b><a href="faq_net5.htm#Menu88">test 88</a></b>.
+
+<p><a NAME="DTCH"></a><b>DTCH</b> (<b>D</b>igital <b>T</b>raffic <b>Ch</b>annel)
+<font size=-2>(TDMA 800/TDMA 1900)</font>
+
+<p><a NAME="DTX"></a><b>DTX</b> (<b>D</b>iscontinous <b>T</b>ransmission E<b>x</b>change)
+<br>Some phones and networks "care" ;-) about battery life using so called discontinuous transmission (DTX),
+which turns off phone\92s transmitter when we don\92t talk (but \96 for example - listen to the calling party).
+During that period the phone generates a so called comfortable :-) noise, because if our interlocutor heard the silence,
+he could think that the connection was broken.
+
+<p><font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>:
+<br><b>DTX</b> must be supported by the phone (Nokia does - see
+<b><a href="faq_net5.htm#Menu78">test 78</a></b>) and <a href="#BTS">BTS</a> - you can check and
+(sometimes) change this in <b><a href="faq_net3.htm#Menu12">test 12</a></b> and
+<b><a href="faq_net3.htm#Menu13">test 13</a></b>.
+
+<p><a NAME="FDMA"></a><b>FDMA</b> (<b>F</b>requency <b>D</b>ivision <b>M</b>ultiple <b>A</b>ccess)
+<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
+<br>This name means multiaccess on frequency field: transmission proceeds on different frequencies at the same time
+(this is a "full duplex" connection): there is a
\93down-link
\94 from <a href="#BTS">BTS</a> to the phone and
+
\93up-link
\94 - from the phone to <a href="#BTS">BTS</a> (this is called "up" and "down" because <a href="#BTS">BTS</a>
+antennas are usually higher than phone ones, so the signal from <a href="#BTS">BTS</a> to the phone
+really must go down (and vice versa)).
+
+<p><a NAME="Hopping"></a><b>Frequency hopping</b> (channel hopping)
+<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
+<br>During connection your phone can continuously change used frequency (used channel) in communication with cell.
+It's used, when some channel is still troubled - without <b>channel hopping</b>
+communication with phone could not be possible, with it it's - only this
+part of transmition, which is made on this frequency, is lost (so, if gives less number of
+signal loss, but doesn't change sound quality - methods of coding it are always
+the same). You can check (during a call) if your phone uses this function in
+<b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu1">test 1</a></b>. <b><a href="faq_net3.htm#Menu12">test 12</a></b> informs
+if it is allowed by the cell (these values are updated only during a call). <b>Channel hopping</b> requires
+Hopping Sequence Number (frenquencies are changed according to known for phone and network sequence)
+- see <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu2">test 2</a></b>.
+
+<p><a NAME="GSM"></a><b>GSM</b> (<b>G</b>lobal <b>S</b>ystem for <b>M</b>obile Communication)
+<br>Cellular telecommunication system working at 900 MHz. It also has a 1800 MHz (<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>) and
+1900 MHz (PCS) version.
+
+<p><a NAME="HLR"></a><b>HLR</b> (<b>H</b>ome <b>L</b>ocation <b>R</b>egister)
+<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
+<br>Network register containing information about subscribers (i.e. about their subscribed services,
+tariff, last network they were logged in, etc.).
+
+<p><a NAME="IMEI"></a><b>IMEI</b> (<b>I</b>nternational <b>M</b>obile <b>E</b>quipment <b>I</b>dentification code)
+<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
+<br>Unique 15-digit identification number of every <a href="#GSM">GSM</a> phone on the world. It can be checked using <b>*#06#</b> code
+(all phones) or in service menu (Nokia), which can be activated by typing a code <b>*#WAR0ANTY#</b> or
+<b>*#WARRANTY#</b> (Nokia 6130). In Nokia 3110 after entering service menu (<b>*#WAR0ANTY#</b>)
+you have to additionally enter a code <b>9268</b>. <b>IMEI</b> contains information about the manufacturer,
+place of production and serial number (check <a href="http://www.tele-servizi.com/janus/texts/imei.txt">www.tele-servizi.com/janus/texts/imei.txt</a>
+for such list for Motorola phones,
+<a href=../firmware/firmware.htm>here</a> is my list for Nokia phones).
+Operators can restrict network access for particular phones \96 for example the stolen ones
+(identified using <b>IMEI</b> number). Different operators can exchange such lists too.
+
+<p><a NAME="IMSI"></a><b>IMSI</b> (<b>I</b>nternational <b>M</b>obile <b>S</b>ubscriber <b>I</b>dentify)
+<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
+<br>Unique (max 15-digit) number given to the phone:
+
+<p>
+<ul>
+<li>first three digits are <a href="faq_net2.htm#MCC">MCC</a></li>
+<li>next three digits are <a href="faq_net2.htm#MNC">MNC</a></li>
+<li>the rest is a unique number</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p><a NAME="IMSIattach"></a><b>IMSI attach</b>
+<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
+<br>It is a procedure executed after each power on. The phone informs network that it is active (and is ready for communication
+- receiving waiting SMS, etc.) and then it receives the <a href="#IMSI">IMSI</a> number.
+The counter connected with <b>IMSI attach</b> is located in <b><a href="faq_net5.htm#Menu64">test 64</a></b>,
+<b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu7">test 7</a></b> informs whether this is allowed by the current cell.
+
+<p><a NAME="IMSIdetach"></a><b>IMSI detach</b>
+<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
+<br>The phone informs network that it is going to switch off and the communication won\92t be possible
+(its <a href="#IMSI">IMSI</a> expires). The counter connected with <b>IMSI detach</b> is located in
+<b><a href="faq_net5.htm#Menu64">test 64</a></b>. <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu7">test 7</a></b>
+informs whether this is allowed by the current cell.
+
+<p><a NAME="LocationUpdate"></a><b>Location Update</b>
+<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
+<br>Every <a href="#GSM">GSM</a> phone periodically informs network about its current location.
+This function is called <b>Location Update</b>. It is executed after changing <b>Location Area</b> (phone makes
+it "intelligent" - when it's moved out of network coverage and the logs again to the network, makes <b>Location Update</b>
+only when current <a href="faq_net1.htm#BTS">BTS</a> has different LAC than previous one \96 before losing the signal) or
+<a href="#PLMN">PLMN</a> (after leaving the range of one network and trying to log in to another).
+Then information about <b>Location Update</b> is transferred to a new <a href="#MSC">MSC</a>/<a href="#VLR">VLR</a>,
+which in turn passes this information to <a href="#HLR">HLR</a>. When the phone works in new
+<a href="#MSC">MSC</a>/<a href="#VLR">VLR</a>, <a href="#HLR">HLR</a> doesn\92t identify the user by
+the number received from old <a href="#MSC">MSC</a>/<a href="#VLR">VLR</a> anymore. <b>Location Update</b>
+has a couple of varieties: <a href="#PLU">PLU</a>, <a href="#IMSIattach">IMSI attach</a> and <a href="#IMSIdetach">IMSI detach</a>
+(they're distinquished in <b><a href="faq_net5.htm#Menu64">test 64</a></b>). Current Location Area code can be checked in
+<b><a href="faq_net3.htm#Menu11">test 11</a></b>.
+
+<p><a NAME="MCU"></a><b>MCU</b> (<b>M</b>aster <b>C</b>ontrol <b>U</b>nit processor)
+<br>Main processor in phone.
+
+<p><a NAME="MSC"></a><b>MSC</b> (<b>M</b>obile <b>S</b>witching <b>C</b>enter)
+<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
+<br>Part of the system responsible for communication between subscribers and other users (also from other networks).
+
+<p><a NAME="NCC"></a><b>NCC</b> (<b>N</b>ational <b>C</b>olor <b>C</b>ode or <b>N</b>etwork <b>C</b>olor <b>C</b>ode)
+<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
+<br>3-bit number (from 0-7 range) used to differentiate cells of the operators from different countries
+(for example near the border, where the phone is in range of several different networks) transmitting using
+<a href="faq_net2.htm#BCCH">BCCH</a> in the same <a href="#FDMA">FDMA</a> channel. This number is constant
+within <a href="#PLMN">PLMN</a>. It is given in <a href="#BSIC">BSIC</a> of every <a href="#BTS">BTS</a>
+(you can check it in <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu2">test 2</a></b>).
+
+<p><a NAME="PLMN"></a><b>PLMN</b> (<b>P</b>ublic <b>L</b>and <b>M</b>obile <b>N</b>etwork)
+<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
+<br>Area covered by one operator (one network). After changing this area, the phone executes
+<a href="#LocationUpdate">Location Update</a>.
+
+<p>
+<ul>
+<li>Coverage maps of different operators worldwide can be found at <a href="http://www.subcam.freeserve.co.uk/mark/orange/ora.html">www.subcam.freeserve.co.uk/mark/orange/ora.html</a>.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p><a NAME="PLU"></a><b>PLU </b>(<b>P</b>eriodic <b>L</b>ocation <b>U</b>pdate)
+<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
+<br>The phone informs network, on which country area (in the range of which cells) it is located.
+This procedure is executed periodically (depending on the network, for example in polish
+<a href="http://www.eragsm.pl/">Era GSM</a> and
+<a href="http://www.plusgsm.pl/">Plus GSM</a> networks every 3rd hour, in
+<a href="http://www.idea.centertel.pl/">Idea</a> every 2th hour)
+- this can be checked in <b><a href="faq_net3.htm#Menu10">test 10</a></b>. This period is counted from the
+last \84contact\94 with network (the counter doesn\92t stop even if the phone loses network signal!) \96 from the last call, sending/receiving
+SMS, requesting some services (for example enabling call diverting), because the network is then informed about phone\92s
+location (but this is not registered in <b><a href="faq_net5.htm#Menu64">test 64</a></b>).
+The counter connected with <b>PLU</b> is in <b><a href="faq_net5.htm#Menu64">test 64</a></b>.
+
+<p><a NAME="TCH"></a><b>TCH</b> (<b>T</b>raffic <b>Ch</b>annels)
+<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
+<br>Two way user data (computer data or digitized voice) channels. They can be divided to:
+
+<ul>
+<li>
+<a NAME="HR"></a><b>HR</b> (<b>H</b>alf <b>R</b>ate Traffic): max data transfer rate is 6.5 kbit/sec (introduced in
+GSM phase 2). <b>HR</b> channels offer worse sound quality but also longer phone standby time (even up to 30%),
+because the phone using <b>HR</b> uses less power. The main advantage of this kind of channels is that they
+enable the network to double its capacity (the number of subscribers able to make a call at the same time \96 see
+<a href="#TS">TS parameter</a> description for more details) or to double the max range of the
+<a href="#BTS">BTS</a>. Using these channels must be allowed and supported by the network (this can be
+checked in <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu7">test 7</a></b>) and the phone. Activation code is
+<b>*HRC0#</b>, deactivation code is <b>#HRC0#</b>. Unfortunately, not all Nokia phones accept these codes
+(the phone should reset itself after entering them) \96 in older models they're not supported, in never they're deactivated, when
+the phone is directed to countries with networks, which doesn't support it.
+Interesting fact is that in Nokia 6110 (firmware 5.24) you can decide whether the phone can use this channel or not by modifying
+following EEPROM memory cells values:
+
+<table BORDER CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0>
+<tr>
+<td ALIGN=CENTER><b>enabling</b></td>
+
+<td ALIGN=CENTER><b>disabling</b></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td ALIGN=CENTER>cell 0070 value for 78
+<br>cell 011F value for 84</td>
+
+<td ALIGN=CENTER>cell 0070 value for 70
+<br>cell 011F value for 7C</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+</li>
+
+<li>
+<a NAME="FR"></a><b>FR</b> (<b>F</b>ull <b>R</b>ate Traffic):transmission at 13 kbit/sec, coding using
+LPC-RPE (<b>L</b>inear <b>P</b>rediction <b>C</b>oding with <b>R</b>egular <b>P</b>ulse <b>E</b>xcitation) algorithm</li>
+
+<li>
+<a NAME="EFR"></a><b>EFR</b> (<b>E</b>nhanced <b>F</b>ull <b>R</b>ate):
+13 kbit/sek, coding algorithm different than in <a href="#FR">FR</a> (ASELP (AlgebraicCode Excitation Linear Prediction)
+created by <a href="http://www.nokia.com">Nokia</a> and Sherbrooke University; recognized as an industrial standard for
+<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>). <b>EFR</b> provides better sound quality at the same data transmission rate (and up to 5%
+faster battery drain compared to <a href="#FR">FR</a>). This mode can be enabled using
+<b>*EFR0#</b> code (the phone then tries to use <b>TCH</b> channels in following order: <b>EFR</b>, <b>FR</b>,
+(<b>HR</b>)) and disabled with <b>#EFR0#</b> (order: <b>FR</b>, (<b>HR</b>)). These codes may be not recognized
+by some models (for example 6110 with some firmware versions) -
+if your phone accepts them, it should reset itself right after typing them
+(if this doesn\92t happen, you won\92t be able to enable/disable <b>EFR</b> using a keyboard code).
+This channel is not supported in all older models (for example, 2110).
+The type of channel used by your phone can be checked only during connection.
+</li>
+</ul>
+
+<p>When you network doesn't support one of these channel and phone recognizes its activation code, you may see
+"Not ready" message.
+
+<p>You can check this in <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu1">test 1</a></b>.
+The sequence of <b>TCH</b> channels can be freely set using some of the service programs
+(for example WinTesla \96 in Software/Product Profile menu) - it can be only possibility to enable <b>HR</b> channel in phone.
+
+<p><a name="TDMA"></a><b>TDMA</b> (<b>T</b>ime <b>D</b>ivision <b>M</b>ultiple <b>A</b>ccess)
+<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
+<br>This means multiaccess in time: several phones can transmit signal (either digitized voice or computer data) in the
+same time on the same channel (its number can be checked in <b><a href="faq_net2.htm#Menu1">test 1</a></b>) \96
+actually, this period of time is divided into very small parts (see <a href="#TS">TS description</a>),
+invisible for us, so we can assume it happens simultaneously).
+
+<p><a name="TMSI"></a><b>TMSI</b> (<b>T</b>emporary <b>M</b>obile <b>S</b>ubscriber <b>I</b>dentity):
+<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
+<br>During signalization procedures encrypted on radio channel
+(for example, during location update) this number is assigned by
+<a href="#MSC">MSC</a> to phone. In the moment, when network wants to contact
+with concrete phone and transmission on radio channel is not encrypted, it's send
+instead of <a href="#IMSI">IMSI</a> and allows phone to indentify, that concrete
+call concern on it. It doesn't have global meaning
+and it's structure is definited by network administrator. Actual <b>TMSI</b>
+you can check in <a href="faq_net3.htm#Menu10">test 10</a>.
+
+<p><a NAME="TS"></a><b>TS</b> (<b>T</b>ime <b>S</b>lot)
+<br>Each radio channel used in communication between phone and
+<a href="#BTS">BTS</a> is divided into 8 parts (called TS - time slots). If in all <a href="#BTS">BTSes</a>
+(available for your phone) all time slots are in use, you won't be able to make/receive a call and you'll get a 'Network busy'
+message (information about reason of connection failure is given among others in
+<b><a href="faq_net4.htm#Menu39">test 39</a></b>). Unfortunately, each type of connection has the same priority in
+networks not supporting GSM Phase 2+ (it isn't available in older GSM Phases) - so if you want to dial emergency number 112
+and the network is busy, no other call will be interrupted and you won't get connected. This problem can also be solved by
+adding more <a href="#BTS">BTSes</a> (for example in dual GSM 900/1800 MHz network) or by modifying
+current stations to allow the use of <a href="#HR">HR</a> channels (<a href="#FR">FR</a>
+and <a href="#EFR">EFR</a> transmission uses whole assigned time slot, while <a href="#HR">HR</a>
+(defined in GSM Phase 2) only half of it). Max data transmission speed using one <b>TS</b> is 9.6 kbit/sec (or 14.4 kbit/sec,
+but only in some additional conditions). There are new systems allowing higher transmission speeds
+(for example GPRS (<b>G</b>eneric <b>P</b>acket <b>R</b>adio <b>S</b>ervices) or HSCSD
+(<b>H</b>igh <b>S</b>peed <b>C</b>ircuit <b>S</b>witched <b>D</b>ata), but they achieve this using several time slots
+at the same time (which decreases network capacity). Actual used <b>TS</b> can be checked
+in <a href=faq_net2.htm#Menu1>test 1</a>, in phones with <b>HSCSD</b> (like Nokia 6210)
+use also <a href=faq_net3.htm#Menu8>test 8</a> for it...
+
+<p><a NAME="VLR"></a><b>VLR</b> (<b>V</b>isitor <b>L</b>ocation <b>R</b>egister)
+<font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
+<br>This register contains the same data as <a href="#HLR">HLR</a>, but for roaming guests
+(their data are taken from their home network <a href="#HLR">HLR</a>).
+
+<font class="drukuj">
+<p><a class="shref" href="#Top"><small><em>Back to the top</em></small></a><br>
+
+<center>
+<p><a href="faq_net0.htm">[Part 1]</a><b>[Part 2]</b><a href="faq_net2.htm">[Part 3]</a><a href="faq_net3.htm">[Part 4]</a><a href="faq_net4.htm">[Part 5]</a><a href="faq_net5.htm">[Part 6]</a><a href="faq_net6.htm">[Part 7]</a>
+</center>
+<hr size="2" noshade width="60%" align="center" style="color: #004080">
+</font>
+
+<br><p align="RIGHT"><font class='autor' size='1'><a class="autoremail" href="mailto:Marcin Wiacek<Marcin-Wiacek@topnet.pl>">Marcin Wiacek</a> (<a class="autoremail" href="http://marcin-wiacek.topnet.pl">WWW</a>)
+<br>Last modification: 10 March 2002</font>
+
+</body>
+</html>
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