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10 <title>NetMonitor in Nokia phones (2/7)</title>
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18 <center><font color="#1F409F" size=+2 class="tytul">NetMonitor in Nokia phones (2/7)</font>
20 <p><a href="faq_net0.html">[Part 1]</a><b>[Part 2]</b><a href="faq_net2.html">[Part 3]</a><a href="faq_net3.html">[Part 4]</a><a href="faq_net4.html">[Part 5]</a><a href="faq_net5.html">[Part 6]</a><a href="faq_net6.html">[Part 7]</a>
24 <hr noshade width="60%" style="color: #004080" align=center>
29 <li><a href="faq_net0.html#1"><b>What is it ?</b></a></li>
30 <li><a href="faq_net0.html#2"><b>Do I need it ?</b></a></li>
31 <li><a href="faq_net0.html#3"><b>Does my phone use more power with NetMonitor enabled ?</b></a></li>
32 <li><a href="faq_net0.html#4"><b>How to activate it ?</b></a></li>
33 <li><a href="faq_net0.html#5"><b>Which NetMonitor version can be activated in my phone ?</b></a></li>
34 <li><a href="faq_net0.html#6"><b>Does NetMonitor activation void warranty ?</b></a></li>
35 <li><a href="faq_net0.html#7"><b>NetMonitor menu in my phone has different number than 10. Is it normal ?</b></a></li>
36 <li><a href="faq_net0.html#8"><b>NetMonitor menu in my phone has 11 number, hovewer previous position has 9 number. Is it normal ?</b></a></li>
37 <li><a href="faq_net0.html#9"><b>How to use it ?</b></a></li>
38 <li><a href="faq_net0.html#10"><b>Can I damage my phone ?</b></a></li>
39 <li><a href="#11"><b>Glossary</b></a></li>
40 <li><a href="faq_net2.html#12"><b>Description of the individual tests</b></a></li>
41 <li><a href="faq_net6.html#13"><b>You can also use a program...</b></a></li>
42 <li><a href="faq_net6.html#14"><b>Can I use NetMonitor without SIM card inserted, without PIN number entered or when SIM card is not active ?</b></a></li>
43 <li><a href="faq_net6.html#15"><b>How can I disable NetMonitor ?</b></a></li>
44 <li><a href="faq_net6.html#16"><b>Do I need to disable NetMonitor before sending my phone to the service ?</b></a></li>
45 <li><a href="faq_net6.html#17"><b>Is it possible to re-activate NetMonitor after disabling it ?</b></a></li>
46 <li><a href="faq_net6.html#18"><b>Is NetMonitor available in analog Nokia phones ?</b></a></li>
47 <li><a href="faq_net6.html#19"><b>Does NetMonitor allow to use phone like broadcast station ?</b></a></li>
48 <li><a href="faq_net6.html#20"><b>I don't have all described tests in my phone. Why ? Can I increase their number ?</b></a></li>
49 <li><a href="faq_net6.html#21"><b>Does NetMonitor allow to identify place, where is my interlocutor ?</b></a></li>
50 <li><a href="faq_net6.html#22"><b>Does NetMonitor allow to identify place, where am I ?</b></a></li>
51 <li><a href="faq_net6.html#23"><b>What are NetMonitor codes ?</b></a></li>
52 <li><a href="faq_net6.html#24"><b>Is it the truth, that in phones with additional hardware changing frequency band NetMonitor doesn't work correct ?</b></a></li>
53 <li><a href="faq_net6.html#25"><b>Where can I find description of FBUS/MBUS protocol and commands connected with NetMonitor ?</b></a></li>
54 <li><a href="faq_net6.html#Literatura"><b>Information sources</b></a></li>
55 <li><a href="faq_net6.html#27"><b>Additional information</b></a></li>
57 <hr size="2" noshade width="60%" align="center" style="color: #004080">
60 <p><a NAME="11"></a><font color="#1F409F" size="+2" class="dzial">11. Glossary</font><br>
61 <hr align="LEFT" size="3" width="300" color="#60c0a0" noshade>
63 <p>Here you can find explanation to some terms, which can be found in this FAQ:
65 <p><a NAME="ACCH"></a><b>ACCH</b> (<b>A</b>nalog <b>C</b>ontrol <b>Ch</b>annel)
66 <font size=-2>(TDMA 800/TDMA 1900)</font>
68 <p><A name="AMPS"></a><b>AMPS</b> (<b>A</b>dvanced <b>M</b>obile <b>P</b>hone <b>S</b>ervice)
69 <br>Analogue cellular system working in 800 Mhz used, for example, in North America.
71 <p><a NAME="ASIC"></a><b>ASIC</b> (<b>A</b>pplication <b>S</b>pecific <b>I</b>ntegrated <b>C</b>ircuit)
72 <br>Electronic chips designed for some concrete purposes
73 (for example, in phone it controlls communication between <a href="#MCU">MCU</a> and <a href="#DSP">DSP</a>)
74 They're designed and produced by the companies which use them.
76 <p><a NAME="AVCH"></a><b>AVCH</b> (<b>A</b>nalog <b>V</b>oice <b>Ch</b>annel)
77 <font size=-2>(TDMA 800/TDMA 1900)</font>
79 <p><a NAME="BCC"></a><b>BCC</b> (<b>B</b>ase-station <b>C</b>olor <b>C</b>ode)
80 <font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
81 <br>3-bit number (from 0-7 range) used to distinguish neighbor cells of the same operator,
82 transmitting using <a href="faq_net2.html#BCCH">BCCH</a> in the same
83 <a href="#FDMA">FDMA</a> channel. Such distinguish is not needed when the cells belong to different operators
84 (they use different channels and their <a href="faq_net2.html#BCCH">BCCH</a> are in different FDMA channels).
85 It is given in <a href="#BSIC">BSIC</a> of each <a href="#BTS">BTS</a> (you can check it for example in
86 <b><a href="faq_net2.html#Menu2">Menu 10-2</a></b>).
88 <p><a NAME="BSC"></a><b>BSC</b> (<b>B</b>ase <b>S</b>tation <b>C</b>ontroller)
89 <font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
90 <br>It controls and supervises one or more <a href="#BTS">BTSes</a>.
92 <p><a NAME="BSIC"></a><b>BSIC</b> (<b>B</b>ase <b>S</b>tation <b>I</b>dentity <b>C</b>ode
93 or <b>B</b>ase transceiver <b>S</b>tation <b>I</b>dentity <b>C</b>ode)
94 <font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
95 <br>Unique ID number of each <a href="#BTS">BTS</a>. If we code this value binary, first three digits (in decimal format)
96 are <a href="#BCC">BCC</a> and next three are <a href="#NCC">NCC</a>. These values range from 0 - 63.
97 <b>BSIC</b> values can be found among others in <b><a href="faq_net2.html#Menu2">Menu 10-2</a></b>.
99 <p><a NAME="BTS"></a><b>BTS</b> (<b>B</b>ase <b>T</b>ransceiver <b>S</b>tation)
100 <font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
101 <br>This device allows communication between phones and cellular network
102 (many parameters, like current communication channel, distance to <b>BTS</b> and signal quality can be found, for example,
103 in <b><a href="faq_net2.html#Menu1">Menu 10-1</a></b>).
105 <p>And here are another classes with maximum power of <b>BTS</b>:
108 <table cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 border=1>
109 <tr><td><center><b>GSM 900</b></center></td><td><b>GSM 1800</b></td></tr>
112 <center>320 W (55 dBm)<br>
115 40 W (46 dBm)</center>
123 <center>20 W (43 dBm)<br>
126 2,5 W (34 dBm)</center>
130 <p>In Polish version of this FAQ I give many links to WWW pages with <b>BTS</b> lists, their descriptions, pictures (in Poland).
132 <p>From English pages I recommend <a href="http://www.geckobeach.com/cellular/cellpixs/cellid.htm">www.geckobeach.com/cellular/cellpixs/cellid.htm</a>
133 site - it's about networks and <b>BTSes</b> in North America.
135 <p><p><a NAME="C1"></a><b>C1</b> (path loss-criterium)
136 <font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
137 <br>This is a parameter (ranging from -99 to 99 dBm) calculated by the phone to decide which cells to use
138 (it uses the cell only if its <b>C1</b> is positive). This value is based on:
142 <li><a NAME="RX"></a><b>RX</b>
143 <br>Strength of signal received in <a href="faq_net2.html#BCCH">BCCH</a> channel. If it is equal or less than
144 <a href="#RxLevAm">RxLevAm</a>, the phone searches for next
145 <a href="faq_net2.html#BCCH">BCCH</a> channel. It is shown in
146 <b><a href="faq_net2.html#Menu1">Menu 10-1</a></b> (for current channel)
147 and also in <b><a href="faq_net2.html#Menu3">Menu 10-3</a></b>, <b><a href="faq_net2.html#Menu4">Menu 10-4</a></b>
148 and <b><a href="faq_net2.html#Menu5">Menu 10-5</a></b>
149 (for neighbor channels). The amount of measurements of the quality of transmission with <a href="#BCCH">BCCH</a> channels
150 in neighbor cells is given in <b><a href="faq_net5.html#Menu62">Menu 10-62</a></b></li>
152 <li><a NAME="RxLevAm"></a><b>RxLevAm</b> (<b>Rx</b> <b>Lev</b>el <b>A</b>ccess <b>m</b>inimum)
153 <br>Min. level of the received signal (usually from -100 dBm to -110 dBm) needed by the phone to use particular cell.</li>
155 <li><a NAME="MSTxPwr"></a><b>MSTxPwr</b>
156 <br>Max power, which can be transmitted by phone to get access to
157 <a href="faq_net2.html#RACH">RACH</a> channel (i.e. max power allowed by current cell).
158 Actually, it is lower in towns (where cells are small) and higher outside them.
161 <li><a NAME="MSMaxTxPwr"></a><b>MSMaxTxPwr</b>
162 <br>Max permissible transmission power of the phone (its classes are described in
163 <a href="faq_net2.html#TX">TX description</a>).</li></ul>
165 <p>It is calculated using following formula:
166 <nobr>C1 = (<a href="#RX">RX</a> - <a href="#RxLevAm">RxLevAm</a> - MAX ( ( <a href="#MSTxPwr">MSTxPwr</a>
167 - <a href="#MSMaxTxPwr">MSMaxTxPwr</a> ), 0) ) </nobr>, where MAX(x,y) is obviously a mathematical
168 function giving the bigger one of the discussed numbers.
169 The phone shows <b>C1</b> value in <b><a href="faq_net2.html#Menu1">Menu 10-1</a></b> (for current channel) and in
170 <b><a href="faq_net2.html#Menu3">Menu 10-3</a></b>, <b><a href="faq_net2.html#Menu4">Menu 10-4</a></b>
171 and <b><a href="faq_net2.html#Menu5">Menu 10-5</a></b>
172 (for neighbor channels).
174 <p><a NAME="C2"></a><b>C2</b> (cell-reselection criterion)
175 <font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
176 <br>This parameter (-99 to 99 dBm) is calculated with following formula:
177 <nobr>C2 = C1 + <a href="#CellReselect">Cell reselect
178 offset</a> - <a href="#TemporaryOffset">Temporary offset</a>
179 * H (<a href="#PenaltyTime">Penalty time</a> - T)</nobr>.
180 If this value for some other cell (<b>C2</b> for
181 neighbor channels can be found in <b><a href="faq_net2.html#Menu3">Menu 10-3</a></b>,
182 <b><a href="faq_net2.html#Menu4">Menu 10-4</a></b> and
183 <b><a href="faq_net2.html#Menu5">Menu 10-5</a></b>) is higher than this value for current cell
184 (shown in <b><a href="faq_net2.html#Menu1">Menu 10-1</a></b> and <b><a href="faq_net2.html#Menu3">Menu 10-3</a></b>)
185 for a period of time longer than 5 seconds, the phone switches cells. There are two exceptions to the rule:
189 <li>if the new cell is located on different Location Area (this parameter for current cell can be checked in
190 <b><a href="faq_net3.html#Menu11">Menu 10-11</a></b>), <b>C2</b> for this cell must be (during more than 5 seconds)
191 higher than <b>C2</b>+CELL_RESELECT_HYSTERESIS for old cell (where CELL_RESELECT_HYSTERESIS is a
192 special parameter sent in <a href="faq_net2.html#BCCH">BCCH</a> channel).</li>
194 <li>if the phone switched cells during last 15 seconds, <b>C2</b> for a new cell must be higher at least 5 dBm from
195 <b>C2</b> value of the old cell.
199 <p>H(x) function for currently not used cells is 0 (if x<0) or 1 (if x>=0). For current cell H(x) is always equal 0.
200 <br>By a skillful manipulation of this parameter (through CELL_RESELECT_HYSTERESIS), operators can direct
201 connections to specific cells (thus lightening load of the network).
203 <p><a name="CDMA"></a><b>CDMA</b> (<b>C</b>ode <b>D</b>ivision <b>M</b>ultiple <b>A</b>ccess; also known as IS-95)
204 <br>One of the newer digital technologies in 800 or 1900 Mhz. Used in North America, Australia and some southeastern Asian countries
205 (e.g. Hong Kong and South Korea). It doesn't divide the radio frequency
206 spectrum into separate user channels by frequency slices or time slots, but
207 separates users by assigning them digital codes within the same broad spectrum.
209 <p><a NAME="DCCH"></a><b>DCCH</b> (<b>D</b>igital <b>C</b>ontrol <b>Ch</b>annel)
210 <font size=-2>(TDMA 800/TDMA 1900)</font>
212 <p><a NAME="DCS"></a><b>DCS</b> (<b>D</b>igital <b>C</b>ellular <b>S</b>ystem)
213 <br>Cellular communication system working in 1800 MHz frequency band
214 (currently more often called GSM 1800) - a changed version of <a href="#GSM">GSM</a> (900 MHz) system.
215 Its new features allowed to increase network capacity (that's why this system is used in urban areas with huge number
216 of subscribers) at the cost of thick net of the base stations (<a href="#BTS">BTSes</a>)
217 and to provide roaming within one country. GSM 1800 has different channel numbers
218 (see <b><a href="faq_net3.html#Menu17">Menu 10-17</a></b>), different phone
219 (see <a href="faq_net2.html#RX">RX description</a>) and <a href="#BTS">BTSes</a>
220 transmission power and also different max speed of the user, at which he can use his phone
221 (250 km/h in GSM and 130 km/h in DCS).
223 <p><a NAME="DSP"></a><b>DSP</b> (<b>D</b>igital <b>S</b>ignal <b>P</b>rocessor)
224 <br>Signal processor (digital signals processing chip - controls radio interface and speech coding/decoding).
225 Its version can be checked in <b><a href="faq_net5.html#Menu88">Menu 10-88</a></b>.
227 <p><a NAME="DTCH"></a><b>DTCH</b> (<b>D</b>igital <b>T</b>raffic <b>Ch</b>annel)
228 <font size=-2>(TDMA 800/TDMA 1900)</font>
230 <p><a NAME="DTX"></a><b>DTX</b> (<b>D</b>iscontinous <b>T</b>ransmission E<b>x</b>change)
231 <br>Some phones and networks "care" ;-) about battery life using so called discontinuous transmission (DTX),
232 which turns off phone's transmitter when we don't talk (but - for example - listen to the calling party).
233 During that period the phone generates a so called comfortable :-) noise, because if our interlocutor heard the silence,
234 he could think that the connection was broken.
236 <p><font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>:
237 <br><b>DTX</b> must be supported by the phone (Nokia does - see
238 <b><a href="faq_net5.html#Menu78">Menu 10-78</a></b>) and <a href="#BTS">BTS</a> - you can check and
239 (sometimes) change this in <b><a href="faq_net3.html#Menu12">Menu 10-12</a></b> and
240 <b><a href="faq_net3.html#Menu13">Menu 10-13</a></b>.
242 <p><a NAME="FDMA"></a><b>FDMA</b> (<b>F</b>requency <b>D</b>ivision <b>M</b>ultiple <b>A</b>ccess)
243 <font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
244 <br>This name means multiaccess on frequency field: transmission proceeds on different frequencies at the same time
245 (this is a "full duplex" connection): there is a
\93down-link
\94 from <a href="#BTS">BTS</a> to the phone and
246 \93up-link
\94 - from the phone to <a href="#BTS">BTS</a> (this is called "up" and "down" because <a href="#BTS">BTS</a>
247 antennas are usually higher than phone ones, so the signal from <a href="#BTS">BTS</a> to the phone
248 really must go down (and vice versa)).
250 <p><a NAME="GSM"></a><b>GSM</b> (<b>G</b>lobal <b>S</b>ystem for <b>M</b>obile Communication)
251 <br>Cellular telecommunication system working at 900 MHz. It also has a 1800 MHz (<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>) and
252 1900 MHz (PCS) version.
254 <p><a NAME="HLR"></a><b>HLR</b> (<b>H</b>ome <b>L</b>ocation <b>R</b>egister)
255 <font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
256 <br>Network register containing information about subscribers (i.e. about their subscribed services,
257 tariff, last network they were logged in, etc.).
259 <p><a NAME="IMEI"></a><b>IMEI</b> (<b>I</b>nternational <b>M</b>obile <b>E</b>quipment <b>I</b>dentification code)
260 <font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
261 <br>Unique 15-digit identification number of every <a href="#GSM">GSM</a> phone on the world. It can be checked using <b>*#06#</b> code
262 (all phones) or in service menu (Nokia), which can be activated by typing a code <b>*#WAR0ANTY#</b> or
263 <b>*#WARRANTY#</b> (Nokia 6130). In Nokia 3110 after entering service menu (<b>*#WAR0ANTY#</b>)
264 you have to additionally enter a code <b>9268</b>. <b>IMEI</b> contains information about the manufacturer,
265 place of production and serial number (check <a href="http://www.tele-servizi.com/janus/texts/imei.txt">www.tele-servizi.com/janus/texts/imei.txt</a>
266 for such list for Motorola phones). Operators can restrict network access for particular phones - for example the stolen ones
267 (identified using <b>IMEI</b> number). Different operators can exchange such lists too.
269 <p><a NAME="IMSI"></a><b>IMSI</b> (<b>I</b>nternational <b>M</b>obile <b>S</b>ubscriber <b>I</b>dentify)
270 <font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
271 <br>Unique (max 15-digit) number given to the phone:
275 <li>first three digits are <a href="faq_net2.html#MCC">MCC</a></li>
276 <li>next three digits are <a href="faq_net2.html#MNC">MNC</a></li>
277 <li>the rest is a unique number</li>
280 <p><a NAME="IMSIattach"></a><b>IMSI attach</b>
281 <font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
282 <br>It is a procedure executed after each power on. The phone informs network that it is active (and is ready for communication
283 - receiving waiting SMS, etc.) and then it receives the <a href="#IMSI">IMSI</a> number.
284 The counter connected with <b>IMSI attach</b> is located in <b><a href="faq_net5.html#Menu64">Menu 10-64</a></b>,
285 <b><a href="faq_net2.html#Menu7">Menu 10-7</a></b> informs whether this is allowed by the current cell.
287 <p><a NAME="IMSIdetach"></a><b>IMSI detach</b>
288 <font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
289 <br>The phone informs network that it is going to switch off and the communication won't be possible
290 (its <a href="#IMSI">IMSI</a> expires). The counter connected with <b>IMSI detach</b> is located in
291 <b><a href="faq_net5.html#Menu64">Menu 10-64</a></b>. <b><a href="faq_net2.html#Menu7">Menu 10-7</a></b>
292 informs whether this is allowed by the current cell.
294 <p><a NAME="LocationUpdate"></a><b>Location Update</b>
295 <font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
296 <br>Every <a href="#GSM">GSM</a> phone periodically informs network about its current location.
297 This function is called <b>Location Update</b>. It is executed after changing <b>Location Area</b> (phone makes
298 it "intelligent" - when it's moved out of network coverage and the logs again to the network, makes <b>Location Update</b>
299 only when current <a href="faq_net1.html#BTS">BTS</a> has different LAC than previous one - before losing the signal) or
300 <a href="#PLMN">PLMN</a> (after leaving the range of one network and trying to log in to another).
301 Then information about <b>Location Update</b> is transferred to a new <a href="#MSC">MSC</a>/<a href="#VLR">VLR</a>,
302 which in turn passes this information to <a href="#HLR">HLR</a>. When the phone works in new
303 <a href="#MSC">MSC</a>/<a href="#VLR">VLR</a>, <a href="#HLR">HLR</a> doesn't identify the user by
304 the number received from old <a href="#MSC">MSC</a>/<a href="#VLR">VLR</a> anymore. <b>Location Update</b>
305 has a couple of varieties: <a href="#PLU">PLU</a>, <a href="#IMSIattach">IMSI attach</a> and <a href="#IMSIdetach">IMSI detach</a>
306 (they're distinquished in <b><a href="faq_net5.html#Menu64">Menu 10-64</a></b>). Current Location Area code can be checked in
307 <b><a href="faq_net3.html#Menu11">Menu 10-11</a></b>.
309 <p><a NAME="MCU"></a><b>MCU</b> (<b>M</b>aster <b>C</b>ontrol <b>U</b>nit processor)
310 <br>Main processor in phone.
312 <p><a NAME="MSC"></a><b>MSC</b> (<b>M</b>obile <b>S</b>witching <b>C</b>enter)
313 <font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
314 <br>Part of the system responsible for communication between subscribers and other users (also from other networks).
316 <p><a NAME="NCC"></a><b>NCC</b> (<b>N</b>ational <b>C</b>olor <b>C</b>ode or <b>N</b>etwork <b>C</b>olor <b>C</b>ode)
317 <font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
318 <br>3-bit number (from 0-7 range) used to differentiate cells of the operators from different countries
319 (for example near the border, where the phone is in range of several different networks) transmitting using
320 <a href="faq_net2.html#BCCH">BCCH</a> in the same <a href="#FDMA">FDMA</a> channel. This number is constant
321 within <a href="#PLMN">PLMN</a>. It is given in <a href="#BSIC">BSIC</a> of every <a href="#BTS">BTS</a>
322 (you can check it in <b><a href="faq_net2.html#Menu2">Menu 10-2</a></b>).
324 <p><a NAME="PLMN"></a><b>PLMN</b> (<b>P</b>ublic <b>L</b>and <b>M</b>obile <b>N</b>etwork)
325 <font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
326 <br>Area covered by one operator (one network). After changing this area, the phone executes
327 <a href="#LocationUpdate">Location Update</a>.
331 <li>Coverage maps of different operators worldwide can be found at <a href="http://www.subcam.freeserve.co.uk/mark/orange/ora.html">www.subcam.freeserve.co.uk/mark/orange/ora.html</a>.</li>
334 <p><a NAME="PLU"></a><b>PLU </b>(<b>P</b>eriodic <b>L</b>ocation <b>U</b>pdate)
335 <font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
336 <br>The phone informs network, on which country area (in the range of which cells) it is located.
337 This procedure is executed periodically (depending on the network, for example in polish
338 <a href="http://www.eragsm.pl/">Era GSM</a> and
339 <a href="http://www.plusgsm.pl/">Plus GSM</a> networks every 3rd hour, in
340 <a href="http://www.idea.centertel.pl/">Idea</a> every 2th hour)
341 - this can be checked in <b><a href="faq_net3.html#Menu10">Menu 10-10</a></b>. This period is counted from the
342 last
\84contact
\94 with network (the counter doesn't stop even if the phone loses network signal!) - from the last call, sending/receiving
343 SMS, requesting some services (for example enabling call diverting), because the network is then informed about phone's
344 location (but this is not registered in <b><a href="faq_net5.html#Menu64">Menu 10-64</a></b>).
345 The counter connected with <b>PLU</b> is in <b><a href="faq_net5.html#Menu64">Menu 10-64</a></b>.
347 <p><a NAME="Hopping"></a><b>Frequency hopping</b> (channel hopping)
348 <font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
349 <br>During connection your phone can continuously change used frequency (used channel) in communication with cell.
350 It's used, when some channel is still troubled - without <b>channel hopping</b>
351 communication with phone could not be possible, with it it's - only this
352 part of transmition, which is made on this frequency, is lost (so, if gives less number of
353 signal loss, but doesn't change sound quality - methods of coding it are always
354 the same). You can check (during a call) if your phone uses this function in
355 <b><a href="faq_net2.html#Menu1">Menu 10-1</a></b>. <b><a href="faq_net3.html#Menu12">Menu 10-12</a></b> informs
356 if it is allowed by the cell (these values are updated only during a call). <b>Channel hopping</b> requires
357 Hopping Sequence Number (frenquencies are changed according to known for phone and network sequence)
358 - see <b><a href="faq_net2.html#Menu2">Menu 10-2</a></b>.
360 <p><a NAME="TCH"></a><b>TCH</b> (<b>T</b>raffic <b>Ch</b>annels)
361 <font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
362 <br>Two way user data (computer data or digitized voice) channels. They can be divided to:
366 <a NAME="HR"></a><b>HR</b> (<b>H</b>alf <b>R</b>ate Traffic): max data transfer rate is 6.5 kbit/sec (introduced in
367 GSM phase 2). <b>HR</b> channels offer worse sound quality but also longer phone standby time (even up to 30%),
368 because the phone using <b>HR</b> uses less power. The main advantage of this kind of channels is that they
369 enable the network to double its capacity (the number of subscribers able to make a call at the same time - see
370 <a href="faq_net2.html#TS">TS parameter</a> description for more details) or to double the max range of the
371 <a href="#BTS">BTS</a>. Using these channels must be allowed and supported by the network (this can be
372 checked in <b><a href="faq_net2.html#Menu7">Menu 10-7</a></b>) and the phone. Activation code is
373 <b>*HRC0#</b>, deactivation code is <b>#HRC0#</b>. Unfortunately, not all Nokia phones accept these codes
374 (the phone should reset itself after entering them) - in older models they're not supported, in never they're deactivated, when
375 the phone is directed to countries with networks, which doesn't support it.
376 Interesting fact is that in Nokia 6110 (firmware 5.24) you can decide whether the phone can use this channel or not by modifying
377 following EEPROM memory cells values:
379 <table BORDER CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=0>
381 <td ALIGN=CENTER><b>enabling</b></td>
383 <td ALIGN=CENTER><b>disabling</b></td>
387 <td ALIGN=CENTER>cell 0070 value for 78
388 <br>cell 011F value for 84</td>
390 <td ALIGN=CENTER>cell 0070 value for 70
391 <br>cell 011F value for 7C</td>
397 <a NAME="FR"></a><b>FR</b> (<b>F</b>ull <b>R</b>ate Traffic):transmission at 13 kbit/sec, coding using
398 LPC-RPE (<b>L</b>inear <b>P</b>rediction <b>C</b>oding with <b>R</b>egular <b>P</b>ulse <b>E</b>xcitation) algorithm</li>
401 <a NAME="EFR"></a><b>EFR</b> (<b>E</b>nhanced <b>F</b>ull <b>R</b>ate):
402 13 kbit/sek, coding algorithm different than in <a href="#FR">FR</a> (ASELP (AlgebraicCode Excitation Linear Prediction)
403 created by <a href="http://www.nokia.com">Nokia</a> and Sherbrooke University; recognized as an industrial standard for
404 <a href="#GSM">GSM</a>). <b>EFR</b> provides better sound quality at the same data transmission rate (and up to 5%
405 faster battery drain compared to <a href="#FR">FR</a>). This mode can be enabled using
406 <b>*EFR0#</b> code (the phone then tries to use <b>TCH</b> channels in following order: <b>EFR</b>, <b>FR</b>,
407 (<b>HR</b>)) and disabled with <b>#EFR0#</b> (order: <b>FR</b>, (<b>HR</b>)). These codes may be not recognized
408 by some models (for example 6110 with some firmware versions) -
409 if your phone accepts them, it should reset itself right after typing them
410 (if this doesn't happen, you won't be able to enable/disable <b>EFR</b> using a keyboard code).
411 This channel is not supported in all older models (for example, 2110).
412 The type of channel used by your phone can be checked only during connection.
416 <p>When you network doesn't support one of these channel and phone recognizes its activation code, you may see
419 <p>You can check this in <b><a href="faq_net2.html#Menu1">Menu 10-1</a></b>.
420 The sequence of <b>TCH</b> channels can be freely set using some of the service programs
421 (for example WinTesla - in Software/Product Profile menu) - it can be only possibility to enable <b>HR</b> channel in phone.
423 <p><b>TDMA</b> (<b>T</b>ime <b>D</b>ivision <b>M</b>ultiple <b>A</b>ccess)
424 <font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
425 <br>This means multiaccess in time: several phones can transmit signal (either digitized voice or computer data) in the
426 same time on the same channel (its number can be checked in <b><a href="faq_net2.html#Menu1">Menu 10-1</a></b>) -
427 actually, this period of time is divided into very small parts (see <a href="faq_net2.html#TS">TS description</a>),
428 invisible for us, so we can assume it happens simultaneously).
430 <p><a name="TMSI"></a><b>TMSI</b> (<b>T</b>emporary <b>M</b>obile <b>S</b>ubscriber <b>I</b>dentity):
431 <font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
432 <br>During signalization procedures encrypted on radio channel
433 (for example, during location update) this number is assigned by
434 <a href="#MSC">MSC</a> to phone. In the moment, when network wants to contact
435 with concrete phone and transmission on radio channel is not encrypted, it's send
436 instead of <a href="#IMSI">IMSI</a> and allows phone to indentify, that concrete
437 call concern on it. It doesn't have global meaning
438 and it's structure is definited by network administrator. Actual <b>TMSI</b>
439 you can check in <a href="faq_net3.html#Menu10">Menu 10-10</a>.
441 <p><a NAME="VLR"></a><b>VLR</b> (<b>V</b>isitor <b>L</b>ocation <b>R</b>egister)
442 <font size=-2>(<a href="#GSM">GSM</a>/<a href="#DCS">DCS</a>/PCS)</font>
443 <br>This register contains the same data as <a href="#HLR">HLR</a>, but for roaming guests
444 (their data are taken from their home network <a href="#HLR">HLR</a>).
446 <font class="drukuj">
447 <p><a class="shref" href="#Top"><small><em>Back to the top</em></small></a><br>
450 <p><a href="faq_net0.html">[Part 1]</a><b>[Part 2]</b><a href="faq_net2.html">[Part 3]</a><a href="faq_net3.html">[Part 4]</a><a href="faq_net4.html">[Part 5]</a><a href="faq_net5.html">[Part 6]</a><a href="faq_net6.html">[Part 7]</a>
452 <hr size="2" noshade width="60%" align="center" style="color: #004080">
455 <br><p align="RIGHT"><font class='autor' size='1'><a class="autoremail" href="mailto:Marcin Wiacek<Marcin-Wiacek@topnet.pl>">Marcin Wiacek</a> (<a class="autoremail" href="http://marcin-wiacek.topnet.pl">WWW</a>)
456 <br>Last modification: 4 May 2000</font>
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